Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2024 population estimates and 2024 Gazetteer. Rankings among the 50 states.
Historical data
Pick an indicator to see its long-run evolution.
Total population
1800–2024Decennial census and Census Bureau estimates.
Population pyramid
Vermont's civilian population by sex and five-year age group. Choose a year to see how the age structure has changed.
Tap an age group in the pyramid to see its detail.
Under 15
91,037 (14.0%)
15 to 64
409,700 (63.2%)
65 and older
147,621 (22.8%)
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, SC-EST2020 and SC-EST2024 age and sex estimates (civilian population, July 1).
Age, sex and longevity
The main indicators describing Vermont's age structure, sex distribution and life expectancy.
| Median age | 43.4 years | 2nd oldest in the U.S. |
| Female | 50.4% | |
| Male | 49.6% | |
| Under 18 | 18.1% | |
| 65 and older | 22.0% | Top 3 in the U.S. |
| Life expectancy | 78.8 years | Top 10 in the U.S. |
Population, households and density
How many people and households live in Vermont, how concentrated they are and how the population is changing.
| Total population | 648,500 | 49th in the U.S. |
| Density | 26 /km² | |
| Households | 273,000 | |
| Growth | +0.1%/yr | 2020–2024 |
Race, ethnicity and origin
Vermont is one of the least racially diverse states, with a large majority of non-Hispanic white residents of French-Canadian, English, Irish and Scottish descent. Diversity is concentrated in Chittenden County, where refugee resettlement from Bosnia, Somalia, Bhutan/Nepal, Congo and Afghanistan has reshaped Burlington's schools.
| White (non-Hispanic) | 89.0% | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 2.7% | |
| Asian | 2.1% | |
| Black or African American | 1.6% | |
| Two or more races | 3.2% | |
| Native American | 0.4% | Abenaki bands, state-recognised |
| Largest ancestries | French / French-Canadian, English, Irish, German | |
| French-Canadian ancestry | ≈ 23% | Highest in the U.S. |
| Refugee resettlement | Burlington & Winooski | Main receiving communities |