Election Results
Vermont voted decisively for Kamala Harris in the 2024 presidential election, continuing a long streak of Democratic support at the top of the ticket while electing a popular Republican governor down-ballot.
Democratic presidential vote share
1976–2024MIT Election Data and Science Lab, compiled from certified state results (Harvard Dataverse).
Republican presidential vote share
1976–2024MIT Election Data and Science Lab, compiled from certified state results (Harvard Dataverse).
| Indicator | Vermont | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 Democratic Margin (pts) | 32 | 1 |
- •Vermont was the first state to elect a Socialist to Congress (Bernie Sanders, 1990)
- •Vermont has not voted Republican for president since George H.W. Bush in 1988
- •Voter turnout in Vermont consistently ranks among the highest in the nation
Governors
Vermont's governor is Republican Phil Scott, who was reelected in 2024 with strong bipartisan support despite the state's Democratic lean in federal elections, reflecting his moderate, pragmatic brand.
Governors
2016–2024| Governor | Party | In office |
|---|---|---|
| Phil Scott | Republican | 2017–present |
| Peter Shumlin | Democratic | 2011–2017 |
| Jim Douglas | Republican | 2003–2011 |
| Howard Dean | Democratic | 1991–2003 |
| Madeleine M. Kunin | Democratic | 1985–1991 |
| Thomas P. Salmon | Democratic | 1973–1977 |
| Deane C. Davis | Republican | 1969–1973 |
| Philip Henderson Hoff | Democratic | 1963–1969 |
| F. Ray Keyser | Republican | 1961–1963 |
| Robert T. Stafford | Republican | 1959–1961 |
| Joseph Blaine Johnson | Republican | 1955–1959 |
| Lee Emerson | Republican | 1951–1955 |
| Harold John Arthur | Republican | 1950–1951 |
| Ernest William Gibson | Republican | 1947–1950 |
| Mortimer R. Proctor | Republican | 1945–1947 |
| William H. Wills | Republican | 1941–1945 |
| George D. Aiken | Republican | 1937–1941 |
| Charles Manley Smith | Republican | 1935–1937 |
| Stanley Calef Wilson | Republican | 1931–1935 |
| John Eliakim Weeks | Republican | 1927–1931 |
| Franklin Swift Billings | Republican | 1925–1927 |
| James Hartness | Republican | 1921–1923 |
| Percival W. Clement | Republican | 1919–1921 |
| Horace French Graham | Republican | 1917–1919 |
| Charles W. Gates | Republican | 1915–1917 |
| Allen M. Fletcher | Republican | 1912–1915 |
| John Abner Mead | Republican | 1910–1912 |
| George Prouty | Republican | 1908–1910 |
| Fletcher Dutton Proctor | Republican | 1906–1908 |
| Charles James Bell | Republican | 1904–1906 |
| John Griffith McCullough | Republican | 1902–1904 |
| William W. Stickney | Republican | 1900–1902 |
| Edward Curtis Smith | Republican | 1898–1900 |
| Josiah Grout | Republican | 1896–1898 |
| Urban Andrain Woodbury | Republican | 1894–1896 |
| Levi Knight Fuller | Republican | 1892–1894 |
| Carroll Smalley Page | Republican | 1890–1892 |
| William Paul Dillingham | Republican | 1888–1890 |
| Ebenezer Jolls Ormsbee | Republican | 1886–1888 |
| Samuel E. Pingree | Republican | 1884–1886 |
| John Lester Barstow | Republican | 1882–1884 |
| Roswell Farnham | Republican | 1880–1882 |
| Redfield Proctor Sr. | Republican | 1878–1880 |
| Horace Fairbanks | Republican | 1876–1878 |
| Asahel Peck | Republican | 1874–1876 |
| Julius Converse | Republican | 1872–1874 |
| John Wolcott Stewart | Republican | 1870–1872 |
| George Whitman Hendee | Republican | 1870–1870 |
| Peter T. Washburn | Republican | 1869–1870 |
| John B. Page | Republican | 1867–1869 |
| John Gregory Smith | Republican | 1863–1865 |
| Frederick Holbrook | Republican | 1861–1863 |
| Hiland Hall | Republican | 1858–1860 |
| Ryland Fletcher | Republican | 1856–1858 |
| John Staniford Robinson | Democratic | 1853–1854 |
| Charles Kilborn Williams | Whig | 1850–1852 |
| Carlos Coolidge | Whig | 1848–1850 |
| Horace Eaton | Whig | 1846–1848 |
| William Slade | Whig | 1844–1846 |
| John Mattocks | Whig | 1843–1844 |
| Charles Paine | Whig | 1841–1843 |
| Silas H. Jension | Whig | 1835–1841 |
| William A. Palmer | Anti-Masonic | 1831–1835 |
| Samuel C. Crafts | Whig | 1828–1831 |
| Ezra Butler | Democratic | 1826–1828 |
| Cornelius P. Van Ness | Democratic-Republican | 1823–1826 |
| Richard Skinner | Democratic-Republican | 1820–1823 |
| Martin Chittenden | Federalist | 1813–1815 |
| Israel Smith | Jeffersonian Republican | 1807–1808 |
| Moses Robinson | Current Governor | 1789–1790 |
Source: National Governors Association, current and former governors.
| Indicator | Vermont | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 Gubernatorial Win Margin (%) | 73 | 55 |
- •Vermont is one of only two states (with New Hampshire) using two-year gubernatorial terms
- •Phil Scott is a former stock car racer and construction company owner
- •Vermont has elected Republican governors even as it votes Democratic for president
Senators
Vermont is represented in the U.S. Senate by Bernie Sanders, an independent who caucuses with Democrats, and Peter Welch, a Democrat, both known for progressive policy platforms.
Democratic vote share, U.S. Senate elections
1976–2022MIT Election Data and Science Lab, compiled from certified state results (Harvard Dataverse). Regular-term races; special elections only when no regular race was held. Independents (e.g. caucusing with Democrats) are not counted as Democratic; years without a Democratic nominee are omitted.
Republican vote share, U.S. Senate elections
1976–2024MIT Election Data and Science Lab, compiled from certified state results (Harvard Dataverse).
| Indicator | Vermont | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Years of Democratic/Independent Senate Control | 30 | 0 |
- •Bernie Sanders ran for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2016 and 2020
- •Peter Welch previously served 16 years as Vermont's sole U.S. Representative
- •Vermont has had no Republican U.S. Senator since 1989
Representatives
Vermont's sole seat in the U.S. House of Representatives is held by Democrat Becca Balint, reflecting the state's status as the least populous state entitled to only one House district.
U.S. House seats apportioned to Vermont
1910–2020U.S. Census Bureau, decennial apportionment counts.
| Indicator | Vermont | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| U.S. House Seats | 1 | 9 |
- •Vermont has had only one House seat since 1932 due to its small population
- •Becca Balint previously served as President Pro Tempore of the Vermont Senate
- •Vermont's at-large district has been held by Democrats since 2007
Voting Trends
Vermont exhibits some of the highest voter turnout rates in the country, combined with a durable trend toward Democratic dominance in federal races alongside independent-minded local politics.
Total votes cast for president
1976–2024MIT Election Data and Science Lab, compiled from certified state results (Harvard Dataverse).
| Indicator | Vermont | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 Turnout (%) | 73.4 | 66.8 |
- •Vermont adopted universal mail-in ballots for all elections starting in 2021
- •Same-day voter registration is allowed at the polls
- •Vermont has no voter ID requirement, one of the few states without one
Party Distribution
Vermont's electorate leans heavily Democratic and progressive, though the state has no formal party voter registration, and independents and third-party voters, including Progressives, play a meaningful role.
Party Distribution
2016–2024| Indicator | Vermont | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Legislative Seats (%) | 68 | 50 |
- •Vermont's legislature has among the highest shares of Democratic and Progressive lawmakers in the country
- •The Vermont Progressive Party is one of the most successful third parties in U.S. state politics
- •Rural conservative pockets remain in Vermont's Northeast Kingdom