Historical data
Pick an indicator to see its long-run evolution.
Foreign-born share
1900–2023Share of residents born outside the U.S.
Foreign-Born Population
Foreign-born residents made up about 3.7% of Maine's population in 2023, one of the lowest shares in the nation.
Foreign-born residents
2006–2024Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, share of total population, B05002 (2020 not released).
Foreign-born population
2006–2024Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, B05002 (2020 not released).
| Indicator | Maine | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Foreign-Born Share (%) | 3.7 | 13.9 |
- •Portland and Lewiston have become key resettlement hubs for asylum seekers in Maine.
Countries of Origin
Among Maine's foreign-born residents, top countries of origin include Canada, Somalia, Angola, and Congo (DRC).
Foreign-born residents who are naturalized citizens
2006–2024Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, B05002 (2020 not released).
| Indicator | Maine | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| French-at-Home Speakers (%) | 3.1 | 0.5 |
- •Maine has the highest share of residents speaking French at home of any U.S. state, at 3.1%.
Migration Flows
Combined migration added roughly 7,400 residents to Maine in 2023, making migration the primary driver of the state's population growth.
Total net migration
2011–2025Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, international plus domestic net migration, July–June years (2020 partial year omitted).
Net international migration
2011–2025Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, net international migration, July–June years (2020 partial year omitted).
| Indicator | Maine | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Net Migration (thousands) | 7.4 | 1200 |
- •Maine's natural population change has been negative since 2011, making migration essential to growth.
International Migration
Maine gained roughly 3,800 net international migrants in 2023, contributing to modest overall population growth.
Net international migration
2011–2025Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, net international migration, July–June years (2020 partial year omitted).
| Indicator | Maine | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Net International Migration (thousands) | 3.8 | 1200 |
- •International migration accounted for nearly half of Maine's population growth in 2023.
Domestic Migration
Maine saw net domestic in-migration of about 3,600 residents in 2023, continuing a pandemic-era trend of relocation from other states.
Net domestic migration
2011–2025Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, net domestic migration to/from other states, July–June years (2020 partial year omitted).
| Indicator | Maine | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Net Domestic Migration (thousands) | 3.6 | 0 |
- •Many new Maine residents in recent years relocated from Massachusetts and New York.