1st most populous of 16
With 313,809 residents in 2024, Cumberland County ranks 1st by population among Maine's 16 counties and is home to 22.3% of the state's residents.
Cumberland County is home to 313,809 people (2024 estimate) on 836 square miles of land. This page brings together official U.S. Census Bureau population estimates since 2000, the components of change—births, deaths and migration—American Community Survey indicators on income, housing, poverty and education, BEA economic accounts and BLS unemployment.
Key indicators
Population
313,809
July 1, 2024 estimate
2020 Census base
303,080
April 1, 2020
Change since 2020
+3.5%
2020–2024
Land area
836 mi²
2,166 km²
Population density
375.3 /mi²
2024 estimate ÷ land area
Births
2,863
Year to July 1, 2024
Deaths
2,882
Year to July 1, 2024
Natural change
−19
Births minus deaths, 2024
Net migration
+2,565
Domestic + international, 2024
Per capita personal income
$90,142
BEA, 2024
Gross domestic product
$34.6 billion
BEA, current dollars, 2024
Median household income
$95,677
ACS 2020–2024 5-year
Poverty rate
7.3%
ACS 2020–2024 5-year
Bachelor’s degree or higher
53.0%
Age 25+, ACS 2020–2024 5-year
Foreign-born residents
6.7%
ACS 2020–2024 5-year
Median home value
$451,200
ACS 2020–2024 5-year
Unemployment rate
2.4%
BLS annual average, 2024
Historical data
Pick an indicator to see its long-run evolution.
Population
2000–2024313,809▲ 18%
U.S. Census Bureau: intercensal estimates 2000–2009, Vintage 2020 (2010–2019) and Vintage 2024 (2020–2024), July 1.
Data summary
| Indicator | Value | Year and source |
|---|---|---|
| Population estimate | 313,809 | 2024 · U.S. Census Bureau |
| Population, 2010 Census | 281,674 | 2010 · U.S. Census Bureau |
| Population, 2000 | 266,109 | July 1, 2000 · Census intercensal |
| Change since 2000 | +17.9% | 2000–2024 · Census |
| International migration | +2,378 | 2024 · Census Vintage 2024 |
| Domestic migration | +187 | 2024 · Census Vintage 2024 |
| Birth rate | 9.1 per 1,000 | 2024 · calculated |
| Death rate | 9.2 per 1,000 | 2024 · calculated |
| Population rank in Maine | 1st of 16 | 2024 · calculated |
| Per capita personal income | $90,142 | BEA, 2024 · official |
| Gross domestic product | $34.6 billion | BEA, current dollars, 2024 · official |
| Median household income | $95,677 | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Poverty rate | 7.3% | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 53.0% | Age 25+, ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Foreign-born residents | 6.7% | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Median home value | $451,200 | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Median gross rent | $1,589/month | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Median age | 42.2 years | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Households | 132,168 | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
| Owner-occupied homes | 69.8% | ACS 2020–2024 5-year · official |
Cumberland County in context
Comparable indicators for Cumberland County, Maine and the United States.
| Indicator | County | Maine | U.S. | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population change 2020–2024 | +3.5% | +3.1% | +2.6% | Census Vintage 2024 |
| Birth rate (per 1,000) | 9.1 | 8.3 | 10.6 | 2024 |
| Death rate (per 1,000) | 9.2 | 11.9 | 9.1 | 2024 |
| Net migration rate (per 1,000) | 8.2 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 2024 |
| Population density (/mi²) | 375.3 | 45.6 | 96.3 | 2024 |
| Per capita personal income | $90,142 | $68,932 | $73,204 | BEA, 2024 |
| Median household income | $95,677 | $74,733 | $80,734 | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Poverty rate | 7.3% | 10.7% | 12.5% | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 53.0% | 36.2% | 35.7% | Age 25+, ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Foreign-born residents | 6.7% | 4.1% | 14.1% | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Median home value | $451,200 | $296,600 | $332,700 | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Median gross rent | $1,589/month | $1,139/month | $1,413/month | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Median age | 42.2 years | 44.8 years | 38.9 years | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
| Owner-occupied homes | 69.8% | 74.3% | 65.2% | ACS 2020–2024 5-year |
Cities & towns
2 cities · choose how to order them
Portland
69,568 residents
South Portland
26,700 residents
Did you know? Cumberland County
A quarter century of change
Its population went from 266,109 in 2000 to 313,809 in 2024, a change of +17.9%, compared with +10.0% for Maine as a whole.
Births and deaths
In the year to July 2024 the county recorded 2,863 births and 2,882 deaths, so deaths outnumbered births by 19.
Record population
Annual Census estimates since 2000 put the county's highest population in 2024, at 313,809.
1st in density
Cumberland County has about 375.3 residents per square mile of land, ranking 1st of 16 counties; Maine averages 45.6.
Household income rank
With a median household income of $95,677 (ACS 2020–2024 5-year), the county ranks 1st of 16 Maine counties; the state median is $74,733.
Size of the economy
Its economy produced $34.6 billion of GDP in 2024 (BEA), 1st largest among 16 Maine counties.
Latest economic growth
Real GDP grew 3.0% in 2024, adjusted for inflation (BEA, chained 2017 dollars).
Sources and methodology
- U.S. Census Bureau — County population totals and components, Vintage 2024
- U.S. Census Bureau — County estimates 2010–2020
- U.S. Census Bureau — Intercensal estimates 2000–2010
- U.S. Census Bureau — Gazetteer files (land area)
- U.S. Census Bureau — American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-year
- U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis — Regional economic accounts
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — LAUS